Taamna steppe bison niryutait utuqqaq paqitaa qanittuq pingasut allauyuaq imnaq-putu imnaqpak Arctic Red River. Tapqua Gwichya Gwich’in, nuna atiqDeetrı̀n’ Ehchı̨ı̨ K’ı̀t, - “Tulugaat Igliq.” Gwich’in quliat taamna Tulugaq ingilraani tariumlu nunamlu niryutait asulu inuuyat allauyuat timi, asiin uqaqtuat atautchikun. Taamna Tulugaq allauyuaq – angakuq asulu qavatuyuqlu.
Quliaqtuat, Tulugaq, nanraqtuaq, uiyiyaa paiqłuk (atqaqtuaq imaqtingmiaryuk) ulapittuaq pinnirnaqtuq. Aglaan Tulugaq uiyiyaa paiqłuk ikiyuaq pinnirnaqtuq irritaq, akkuagaa paiqłuk, ikiyuaq, asiin ulapittuaqlu sigguk. Deetrı̀n’ Ehchı̨ı̨ K’ı̀t nuna Tulugaq nakuruallaktuaq iki asulu isumaliuqtuaq pimagaa sigguk.
Nutim aglaan Gwich’in quliaqtaa Tulugaq, nunam niryutait nakuruallaktuaq. Una quliaq, nukatpiraq apiqsiyuaq saki paqitaa surautat sanayuak qaryuq. Taamna saki, anngiyiyaa tuqu nukatpiraq, aulayuaq nunamun angiyuq nunam niryutait paqitaa sauniq sanayuaq kukik.
Tuqunaiqtuaq nunam niryutait, taamna nukatpiraq apiqisyuaq avin’ngaq ikayuqtuaq, uqaqtuaq, “Mikiyuq avin’ngaq, nusuqlutin niryutait niu. Iluani itiqmun tamuqtuaq akunnirun tunu kiilu uumman taqaq. Asiin inugiaktut niqi ilvitmun.”
Taamna mikiyuq avin’ngaq tuquyaa niryutait. Qangma, takunaktuq mikiyuq avin’ngaq tumi sauniq angiyuq niryutait.
Kiilu ilisaqtuaq katitait qaryuq qiyuk asulu irittaq, nukatpiraq sanayuak qaryuq asulu aturaa asiin tuquyuaq anayanaqtuaq saki.
Taamna qiqaiqtuaq sila titirnigaa taimaqtuut siku utuqqaq tadjvangatchiaqtuaq nunami allauyuaq asulu taimaqtuat inugiaktut niryutait taamna Mammoth Steppe.
Tapqua Gwich’in, inugiaktut allauyuaq Dene quliaqtuat ingilraani angiyuut kigiaq uumayuat nunami. Taamna kigiaq anayanaqtuat Denemun, taimannga aturaa angiyuq pamiaq siqqagaa imaq asiin kin’nguyuaq qayaq.
Atachuukąįį, Dene isaktuaq isumatuyuq, ungutaa asulu tuquyuat angiyuq kigiaq asiin annautiyaa inuusit. Inugiaktut nuna NWTmi sanayuatAtachuukąįį’s kasuqtuat tapqua angiyut kigiaq, qangma titirnigaa nuna atiq tadjvangatchiaqtuaq. Siku utuqqaq sauniq angiyuq kigiaq takunaktuq angiyuq qirniqtuq akłaq asulu sivuaq kiilu 15 cm amisiraq. Taamna nunam niryutait, asulu inugiaktut allauyuaq siku utuqqaq niryutait, angiyuq kigiaq taimaagaa 10,000 utuqqaq sivulliqmi.
Nakuruallaktuaq isuma sivulliit Dene takuyaa angiyuq kigiaq, ilisimayuat quliat ilaatmun.
Sukun taimanngaqtaq, taamna Earth imaq sikumayuaq kusugaq matuyaa North America asulu Eurasia taimaaga kusiq tariuqmi. Taamna takunaqtuq tariuq naqittuq continental shelf kivalliqmi Asia asulu western North America, atuatchikun nuna angiyuq, atiq Beringia. Ingilraani 15,000 ukiuqmi, imaq taamna auqiyuaq siku ulittuaq tariuq asulu isaktuaq Bering Strait. Taamna sallirmiut atdjigiiktuk ubluk 6,000 ukiuqmi.
Taamna siku taimaktuaq nuna Beringia uqquqtuaq nakaaq asulu niryun uumayuaq anuri Arctic iqaqtaituq nunami. Taamna Tsiigethchic steppe bison uumayuat kivalliqmi kiglingani Beringia. Una tutqaanaittuq qanittuq kiglingani sikumayuaq kusugaq matuyaa, inuuniarvikmi nuna surraituq ikayuqtuaq nunatuqtuat bison. Inuk tamaan aimayuat Beringiami asulu archaeological uumayuat Siberia, Alaska asulu Yukonmi nuna ilisaqtuat talutaq asulu allauyuaq savaktuat.
Beringia 20,000 ukiuqmi ingilraani.
Steppe bison uumayuat nunami taimaqtuaq ubluk northmi. Kisaini taamna nunam napaaqtuut natirnaqlu, sikumayuaq kusugaq matuyaa Beringia angiyuq ivigaat, asulu steppe. Wooly mammoths, camels, qimmiqpak, asulu bison inugiaktut nunami. Taamna sauniit pimayaa nunami, nakuruallaktuaq ilitchuriniaqti atchigaa Beringia ‘sikumayuaq kusugaq matuyaa genetic igluqpak.’
Atuatchikun akunnirun steppe vegetation asulu angiyuut sikumayuaq kusugaq matuyaa mammal’s ilitchuriniaqti atchigaa nuna Mammoth Steppe. Beringia sila paniqtuq asulu anurilu, tadjvangatchiaqtuaq saqauyuaq auyaqmi, nuna iqaqtaituq asulu natiruvik ukiuqmi. Inukittut napaaqtuut tasiqlu, asiin auyaqmi, taamna ivigaat vegetation allauyuaq, asulu tamaan qairniqlu inugiaktut nautchiat. Taamna pingasut katitait angiyut bison, qimmiqpak asulu mammoths, tamaitta pukuktuat allauyuaq ivigaat niriyuat.
Taamna aglauyaq takunaqtuq allauyuaq taimanngaqtaq niryun, isaktuat National Geographic Society 1972mi. Takuviit anguniaqtiit iluyait angiyuq nunam sloth?
Taamna qiqaiqtuaq sila titirnigaa taimaqtuut siku utuqqaq tadjvangatchiaqtuaq nunami allauyuaq asulu taimaqtuat inugiaktut niryutait taamna Mammoth Steppe.
Aglaan uqaqtuat 70% tamaita niryutait uqumaittuq kiilu 40 kg taimaqtuat.
North Americami, inugiaktut niryutait taimaqtuat, ila tamaita niryutait qimmiqpak, camel, asulu sloth. Mitquq nunam niryutait, American laiyaq asulu angiyuq kigiaq taimaqtuat. Aglaan, mikiyuqmiq niryutait, bison asulu kigiaq, uumayuat North Americami mikiyuqmik niryutait.
Sila qiqaiqtuaq isuani siku utuqqaq, nuna misaktuaq asulu nunam niryutait Steppe allauyuaq natirnaq asulu napaaqtuq qangma. Taamna qiqaiqtuaq nuna inuusiq niryutait qangma, tuktulu.
Allauyuaq asulu taimaagaa saangani nutaaq inuusiq niryutait, taamna elk asulu tuktuvak aulayuaq Bering Land Bridge tamaan North America qangma. Inugiaktut tuktu asulu umingmak maligaa tunuani siku utuqqaq sukun North American Arctic asulu Greenlandmun.
Taamna mammoth, atdjigiiktuk megafauna, taimaagaa North Americami sikumayuaq kusugaq matuyaa.
